Primary orbital yolk sac tumor in an infant: A rare entity

We report a case of pure orbital yolk sac tumor (YST) in an 11-month-old infant, which is a rare entity. The child presented with progressive painless swelling of the right eye and on examination had proptosis, chemosis, and lid edema. Systemic examination was within normal limits. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) orbit revealed a lobulated heterogeneously enhancing right retroocular mass extending up to the orbital apex, displacing the optic nerve and eroding the medial orbital wall. Biopsy of the lesion revealed pure YST histology. Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was markedly raised at 76900 ng/mL. She was started on infant bleomycin etoposide cisplatin (BEP) chemotherapy protocol. There was a good clinical and radiological response. A high index of malignancy is required in young children presenting with orbital proptosis. A multidisciplinary approach and early intervention are essential to save both vision and life.

A Sole Thromboprophylactic in Prescription of Postoperative Orthopedic Patients – A Review

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is one of the most well-known and feared sequelae of orthopaedic surgery. VTE is relatively common after arthroplasty, prophylaxis has been prescribed. The frequency of postoperative thromboembolic events increased in the absence of primary prevention. Following operations, immobilisation of a lower limb that restricts calf muscle contraction has been shown to be a key risk factor for VTE. VTE is the most frequent source of readmission in orthopaedic patients who have undergone major procedures. It should be emphasized that the best mechanical method for preventing VTE is early walking. Medication for VTE prophylaxis is prescribed more often than mechanical prophylaxis. After major orthopaedic surgery, anticoagulant treatment is essential for reducing morbidity and death. Following hospital discharge, prophylactic drug therapy aims to reduce the morbidity and mortality episodes associated with DVT and PE occurrences. Aspirin use for prevention of VTE following THA and TKA has gained popularity, especially among orthopaedic surgeons due to a minimal risk of postoperative haemorrhage, it also reduces the incidence of recurrent DVTs. Conclusion: Due to its low cost and easy administration without the requirement for regular blood testing, aspirin thromboprophylaxis following knee surgery appears promising. Aspirin saved more QALYs and was cost-effective. Aspirin was demonstrated to have a higher VTE prophylaxis profile than other medications with a time-related association to early mobilisation, healthier patients and medication compliance.

Jigsaw Method of Interactive Teaching to Unpuzzle Neuroanatomy

Introduction: Student driven interactive methods of teaching are a major part of andragogy, which drives them to professional competency. Jigsaw method is one such interactive teaching modality which fosters self-directed learning and peer interaction. The aim of this study is to access the effectiveness of Jigsaw method of interactive teaching qualitatively and quantitatively among 1st year MBBS students. Materials and methods: this study was done in 1st year medical students. The students were exposed to jigsaw method of interactive teaching in small groups and the program was evaluated by assessing the short and long term memory of the students. Feedback also was obtained from the students. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in the mean scores as compared to traditional teaching methods. The perception of students also showed promising results. Discussion: there have been many studies on student perception on such interactive teaching methods which revealed that the students were showing better academic performances. A few studies like the present one, on quantitative assessment of students score after Jigsaw method of interactive teaching has also shown good results. Conclusion: the jigsaw method of interactive teaching encourages student participation and enhances self directed learning and peer assisted learning.

Correlation NKX2.2 IHC and EWSR1 break-apart FISH in the diagnosis of Ewing sarcoma: Can combined NKX2.2 and CD99 immunoexpression obviate or minimize the need of FISH testing? First assessment study from Indian tertiary cancer care center

Context: Ewing sarcoma (ES) are malignant small round cell tumors (MSRCT) characterized by rearrangements of EWSR1 gene. Although gold standard for diagnosis is detection of specific fusion genes by molecular testing, these ancillary tests are costly and only available in limited number of settings. There is a persuasive evidence for reliability of NKX2.2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) as a surrogate marker for EWSR1 gene rearrangement in ES. Aims: The aim of this study is to correlate the NKX2.2 immuno-expression with genetically confirmed ES cases and also to assess the reliability and accuracy of NKX2.2 along with combined positivity of NXX2.2 and CD99 in diagnosing ES and differentiating it from other relevant histological mimics. Settings and Design: The present study is a retrospective study conducted over a period of 6-year duration in a tertiary cancer care center. Methods and Material: We evaluated NKX2.2 immunoexpression in 35 genetically confirmed cases of ES and also in pertaining differential entities (n = 58) of ES including rhabdomyosarcoma (n = 20), lymphoblastic lymphoma (n = 14), Wilms tumor (n = 10), poorly differentiated synovial sarcoma (n = 4), small-cell osteosarcoma (n = 4), neuroblastoma (n = 5), and mesenchymal chondrosarcoma (n = 1). CD99 was performed in the category of MSRCTs showing NKX2.2 positivity to evaluate combined specificity for the diagnosis of ES. Results: Of the 35 genetically confirmed cases of ES, 29 cases (83%) showed NKX2.2-positive expression (83% sensitivity). Compared to ES, NKX2.2 was positive in only 05% cases (3/58 cases) of non-ES MSRCT. Only two of five cases of neuroblastomas and one case of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma showed NKX2.2 positivity. CD99 positivity was seen in 100% of ES and in the single case of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma. All five cases (100%) of neuroblastoma were negative for CD99. Conclusions: The presented study, which is the first from an Indian oncology center, showed NKX2.2 IHC is quite reliable in diagnosis of ES in the right clinicopathological context. With remarkable sensitivity and specificity of NKX2.2 IHC for diagnosis of ES, we propose that combined positivity of CD99 and NKX2.2 IHC can obviate or minimize the need of EWSR1 gene rearrangement molecular testing for diagnosis of ES.

NECROTIZING SIALOMETAPLASIA OF PALATE A RARE CASE REPORT

Necrotizing sialometaplasia (NS) is a rare benign reactive necrotizing in?ammatory process that affects the minor salivary gland and frequently mimics cancer on both a clinical and histopathological level. Case Study : We report the case of a 21-year-old healthy man who had throat pain and non-healing ulcer over soft palate for the past one month, with pain during swallowing.Histopathological analysis and an incisional biopsy were performed on the patient. Necrotizing sialometaplasia was the histologically determined diagnosis. Necrotizing sialometaplasia is a self-limiting disorder of salivary glands mostly affecting the hard palate.The duration of the healing process is usually related to the size of the lesion.The recurrence rate of Necrotizing Sialometaplasia is low.Even a full thickness palatal lesion heals completely within 6 months.

A case of successfully treated self-ingested yellow phosphorous poisoning in a known case of epilepsy

Ratol is a rodenticide (rat killer paste) that contains yellow phosphorus, a dangerous toxin that harms the gastrointestinal, hepatic, cardiovascular, and renal systems both locally and systemically. The liver is one of these that is most frequently injured, and the most terrifying result is acute liver failure with coagulopathy. A 25-year-old male who is a known case of epilepsy and was on medication was brought to the Emergency Department by his mother with an alleged history of consuming approximately 15 g of Ratol paste mixed in water 5 days before presentation to our hospital at around 5 pm at his residence. The patient sustained nausea and vomiting during the following day of consumption and was treated for the same in a nearby hospital. The main element in lowering morbidity and death is the provision of effective and timely supportive care.

Chromatographic study of sitagliptin and ertugliflozin under quality-by-design paradigm

Abstract The present study entails the systematic development and validation of a stability-indicating RP-HPLC method for the analysis of sitagliptin and ertugliflozin in a fixed-dose combination. Analytical quality by design (AQbD) concepts were used to define critical method variables, employing Pareto risk assessment and a Placket-Burman screening design, preceded by a Box-Behnken design with response surface analysis to optimise critical method parameters such as % acetonitrile (X1), buffer pH (X2) and column oven temperature (X3). Multiple response optimisation (Derringer's desirability) of variables was accomplished by studying critical analytical attributes, such as resolution, retention time and theoretical plates. The title analytes were separated effectively on a PRONTOSIL C18 column at 37 °C using a mobile phase of acetonitrile:acetate buffer, pH 4.4 (36:64 percent v/v), pumped at a flow rate of 1 mL/min, and UV detection at 225 nm. Linearity was observed over a concentration range of 25-150 µg/mL and 3.75-22.5 µg/mL at retention times of 2.82 and 3.92 min for sitagliptin and ertugliflozin, respectively. The method obeyed all validation parameters of the ICH Q2(R1) guidelines. The proposed robust method allows the study of the selected drugs in pharmaceutical dosage forms as well as in drug stability studies under various stress conditions.

Angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma: Report of two cases, initially construed as sarcoma with unusual clinico-pathological features

Angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma (AFH) is a rare soft tissue tumor of uncertain differentiation with low metastatic potential, most commonly occurring in children, adolescents, and young adults, involving extremities. Due to its rare nature and diverse presentation, both clinically and morphologically, it is often misdiagnosed. It becomes important to correctly diagnose this lesion, given its distinct therapeutic implications. Here, we present the clinical, radiologic, and pathologic findings of two rare cases of AFH. Since AFH is a rare soft tissue tumor with low malignant potential, both pathologists and clinicians should be aware of this entity, when encountered with a soft tissue mass in extremities of a child or adolescent, so as to accord appropriate treatment in such cases.

PD-L1 expression in muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma: Comparison of SP142 and SP263 assay

Introduction: High-grade urothelial carcinoma has a different molecular pathway than superficial low grade urothelial carcinoma, and is characterized by genomic instability. The high tumor mutation burden leads to neoantigen formation, evoking an immune response. The immune response has been keenly studied in last two decades and programmed death ligand-1 (PDL-1) has emerged as acceptable immunohistochemical marker for assessment of response to therapy, prognostication and patient selection for immunotherapy. The targeting of PD-1 and PDL-1 by checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) is an attractive strategy to unblock the inhibitor and induce cytotoxic cell death. However, the presence of complementary and companion diagnostic testing with multiple PDL-1 assays and platforms for various CPIs make a diagnostic quagmire. Thus, it is the need of hour to harmonize these assays. In this undertaken study we evaluated the concordance in PD-L1 expression between the two PD-L1 clones: SP263 and SP142, in treatment naïve muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Methods: We evaluated Ventana PD-L1 “SP263 and SP142” qualitative immunohistochemical assay using rabbit monoclonal anti-PD-L1 clones in evaluation of PDL-1 immunoexpression on Ventana autostainer platform. The study includes 30 muscle invasive urothelial carcinomas, with 10 of 30 having nodal metastasis. Results: SP263 assay was statistically more sensitive than SP142 for tumor cell (TC) scoring (P = 0.0009), whereas SP142 was more sensitive for immune cell (IC) scoring (P = 0.0067). There was no statistical significant discordance for TC or IC scoring between primary tumor and metastatic lymph node. Conclusion: PD-L1 testing status can be done on both primary tumor and metastatic site, however in metachronous metastatic setting, testing on recent metastatic site should be preferred. The harmonization of immunoexpression between 2 PD-L1 clones could not be achieved.

Molecular stratification of high-grade urothelial carcinoma by immunohistochemistry with its histomorphological and clinical correlation

Introduction: Urothelial carcinoma poses a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. The recent classification of Tumors of Urinary System by World Health Organization fourth edition) has elucidated its molecular subtypes and its associated prognostic significance. Methods: We used immunohistochemistry marker expression (CK5/6, CK20, CD44, EGFR) as a surrogate marker, to stratify 150 cases of high-grade urothelial carcinoma into the intrinsic molecular subtypes. A correlation was also done with immunohistochemical markers p53, p21, E-cadherin and Ki-67. Results: On subtyping, 47.3% cases were basal, 42.7% luminal and 10% remained unclassified. We did not find GATA3 useful for molecular stratification in our study. Muscle invasion was seen in 59% of basal and 31% of luminal subtype (P = 0.016). Squamous differentiation was most commonly associated with basal subtype (P < 0.001). EGFR expression was seen in 62% of basal and 38% of luminal subtype (P = 0.014), and thus can be used as an additional marker for molecular stratification. Overexpression of p53 was seen in 64% cases of muscle invasive and 36% of non-muscle invasive high-grade carcinomas (P < 0.0001). An inverse relationship was observed between p53 and p21 immunoexpression (r = –0.494) (P < .0001). The overall survival at 1- and 2-year interval was more in the luminal subtype, suggesting an early mortality in basal group, (P = 0.827), and at 6 years both the groups had almost similar results. Conclusion: High-grade urothelial carcinoma is challenging in terms of therapeutic strategy. Increased understanding of underlying molecular basis helps identifying targetable treatment options, and newer biomarkers will enhance predictive and prognostic stratification.

Emergence of monkeypox virus: a public health threat

The human monkeypox virus is a zoonotic infection that is closely related to smallpox virus. It more commonly exists in forested habitats of western and central Africa. In the recent outbreak of the monkeypox virus, the total number of positive cases escalated to 32,760 and 12 deaths were reported so far. With rodents being primary reservoirs, the virus spreads through animals, fomites, respiratory droplets and, direct contact. It typically presents as a vesiculo-pustular rash along with fever, headache, malaiseand chills. Taking this clinical spectrum into consideration, differential diagnosis to rule out smallpox is very much significant. Though there are no licensed therapies for monkeypox, treatment regimens and vaccination for small pox can also be used formonkeypox. Effective prevention relies on avoiding contact and limiting respiratory exposure with the infected patients by following standard precautions. This review article gives an insight into epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, transmission, vaccination, and prevention of infection.

Effect of temperature and chain length of added primary amines on the sphere to rod transition of aqueous ionic micelles

The importance of micelles as templates for nanomaterials is growing day by day. This resulted in an increasing interest for micelles in different sizes and shapes. Addition of n-amines to micellar solutions was found to bring change in the shape of the micelles from sphere to rod in aqueous ionic micellar solutions. The change in shape is qualitatively obtained from sudden change in the slope of pH versus amine concentration plots because the degree or protonation of n-alkylamines depends on the shape of micelles. In the present investigation, pH is measured at different temperatures to elucidate the influence of addition of n-amines on sphere-to-rod transition in aqueous micellar solutions. The surfactants employed in the present investigation are cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS).As the amine concentration is increased, the pH increases linearly at certain amine concentration and the slope of the resulting straight line changes on further addition of amine. It is noticed that increasing temperature requires more amine for structural transition of aqueous ionic micelles. It is also observed that the effectiveness of added amines leading to shape transition from sphere to rod is in the order of C8NH2>C7NH2> C6NH2.

EVALUATION OF VARIOUS RISK FACTORS OF PERINATAL MORTALITY IN A TERTIARY HOSPITAL, AP

Background- It is important to know various maternal risk factors which lead to adverse perinatal outcome and enable us to form some strategies to reach our goals to reduce the perinatal deaths. Aims and Objectives of the study: is to evaluate the causes and risk factor for perinatal deaths in a tertiary institute and form strategies and protocols in our hospital to reduce perinatal deaths Prospective study Material and Methods- Study design: This study was conducted at OBGYN department, Siddhartha Medical College, Vijayawada done during the period of 1.01.2021 to 31.12.2021. All antenatal women admitted in labor room and antenatal wards were studied by means of a preformed proforma and viewed their outcome. In all cases of perinatal deaths risk factors were analysed in detail. - Results Total number of deliveries in the hospital were 9698. Out of which the perinatal deaths studied were 568 [5.85%]. Among these 252 [44%] were IUFD/ Still births and 316 [56%] were early neonatal deaths. In these cases of deaths 121 cases were Respiratory distress syndrome mostly due to prematurity, 82 birth asphyxia, 79 sepsis. The results were presented as percentages, rates and proportions. The results are compared with 5 studies and WHO standards. All studies had similar percentage except Philippine study 3 showed very low PNMR. [3][1,2,47] Analysis of perinatal deaths is important as it is an important index of Conclusion: antenatal care and quality of new born care in an institution

An unusual case of methemoglobinemia resulting from self-administration of nitrobenzene in a psychiatric patient

Nitrobenzene, when consumed in large enough doses, can cause methemoglobinemia. By reducing oxygen unloading and oxygen binding, methemoglobinemia reduces oxygen delivery. This is a case of 55-year-old man who is a known case of psychiatric disorder was brought to the emergency room with an alleged history of deliberate consumption of nitrobenzene liquid approximately 10 mL in the morning of the day at his residence. He also instilled 2 drops in the right ear and was taken to a private hospital where the initial management with gastric lavage, multidose activated charcoal and methylene blue was given. He was then referred to the government tertiary care setting for further management. Prompt intravenous methylene blue treatment increases PaO2 in patients with methemoglobinemia.

Epithelioid haemangioma of bone: A series of four cases with a revision of this contentious entity

Epithelioid hemangioma of bone is a rare and locally aggressive vascular neoplasm of bone associated with a good prognosis. Because of its worrisome histomorphologic features and aggressive clinicoradiologic findings, at times with multifocal presentation, they tend to simulate malignant tumors. We report a series of four cases of epithelioid hemangioma of bone with their clinicopathologic characteristics. All had adjacent soft tissue involvement and two had multifocal bone disease. Microscopically, all cases had a tumor in lobular configuration, composed of epithelioid endothelial cells with the formation of well-formed vessels or grew in solid sheets. The tumor cells lacked significant cytologic atypia, necrosis, and increased mitosis. All cases were immunohistochemically positive for vascular markers CD34, CD31, ERG1, whereas negative for CK. Two of the cases were treated with excision, and the other two underwent curettage. None had local recurrence or metastasis on follow-up. This study highlights the importance of recognizing histomorphological and clinicoradiological features for distinguishing epithelioid hemangiomas from malignant vascular neoplasms of bone because of their distinct therapeutic implications and clinical outcomes.

Mannose Binding Lectin Levels and its Association with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Severity: An Indian Report

Background: Inflammatory response in COVID-19 responsible for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multiorgan failure and play a major role in morbidity and mortality of patients. The present study was undertaken to assess serum level of cytokines and its association with other inflammatory markers and disease severity in COVID-19 and hence their prognostic significance. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study of 175 admitted COVID-19 patients. The patient’s clinical data, laboratory investigations, inflammatory markers and serum level of cytokines [interleukin-1? (IL-1?), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and tumour necrosis factor ? (TNF?)] were extracted from their medical records. All patients were divided into three groups viz. group A had asymptomatic patients, group B had mild to moderate ill patients and group C had severe or critical ill patients. Above parameters were analysed and comparative evaluation with severity of disease was done. Results: In present study 55% patients were asymptomatic, 24% patients were mild to moderate illness and remaining 21% patients had severe or critical illness. Fever, cough, dyspnoea and co-morbidities including hypertension and diabetes were more common in group C. Absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), lymphocyte- monocyte ratio (LMR) showed decreasing trend whereas absolute neutrophil count (ANC), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and eosinophil-lymphocyte (ELR) showed increasing trend with increase in disease severity. Serum IL-6 was found to be significantly higher in group C (64.98±111.18pg/mL) as compared to group B (15.51±20.66pg/mL) and group A (5.04±56.1pg/mL) (P<0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for IL-6 to differentiate the patients with severe disease from asymptomatic and mild symptomatic disease showed a cut-off of 6.75pg/ml. Conclusion: Elevated IL-6 levels lead to adverse clinical events so IL-6 level might serve as a potential prognostic marker for severity of disease in COVID-19. Inhibition of IL-6 might be helpful to prevent serious adverse events in COVID-19 infection.

Craniocerebral and Spinal Dysraphism with Omphalocele – A Case Report of Primary Neurulation Defect

Background: Anencephaly and Spina bifida are the two most common types of neural tube defects (NTDs). Disrupted formation and closure of neural folds leads to Craniocerebral and spinal dysraphisms. Materials and methods: An 18 week old foetus was received in the department of Anatomy after elective medical termination of pregnancy due to the diagnosis of neural tube defect and associated congenital anomalies. Case Report: The foetus had anencephaly, thoracic-lumbar spina bifida, omphlocele and clubbed foot and hands. The foetus was dissected and studied, to look for abnormal internal structures. On meticulous dissection it was found that there were abnormalities in spine, gastrointestinal system and cranium. Conclusion: Anencephaly is a neural tube defect which has multiple neural and non-neural associated anomalies. A detailed description of the combination of associated anomalies goes a long way in updating knowledge on the same.

Exploring the Learner’s Perception about Embryology – Before and After Introduction of Competency Based Medical Curriculum (CBME)

Background: The perceived relevance of a subject/area will decide how much the student will study that. Competency based Medical Curriculum helps students to understand the subject relevance due to its structured format. The feedback from students about subject relevance is needed as they are the primary stakeholders for learning. In this era of involving molecular biology and genetics in medical field, it is very difficult to determine how much to teach a basic subject like embryology. This questionnaire study was done to know the viewpoints of 3rd semester & 5th semester medical students about the relevance and necessity of embryology in medical education. Method: An anonymous questionnaire was sent to 3rd semester, CBME batch & 5th semester students, traditional or regular batch of Sree Balaji Medical College, Chrompet. The pre validated questionnaire contained questions regarding the perceived relevance & importance of embryology. Results: Students reported the relevance of embryology knowledge for learning other medical subjects & they more often acknowledged embryology as being of great importance for their professional careers. This perception has increased especially after introduction of Competency based Medical Curriculum. Overall, study results suggest that medical students have a positive attitude toward embryology undergraduate course. Conclusion: This evidence could be used as an additional motive for the development embryology courses, with special emphasis on practical application of knowledge in clinically-oriented setting.

Effectiveness of Flipped Class Room Approach as a Teaching Methodology in Anatomy for Early Clinical Exposure Modules for First-Year Medical Students – An Interventional Study

Background: The National Medical Commission (NMC) of India has rolled out the competency based undergraduate medical curriculum in the year 2019 where there is more emphasis on integration of basic and clinical sciences, early clinical exposure (ECE) and clinical competence and skills. To achieve this it is essential to work on higher forms of cognitive work. Hence it reckons for the change in the teaching–learning methodology currently in practice. Thus we introduced a innovative teaching methodology such as flipped class room (FCR) methodology among first year medical graduates for early clinical exposure modules in anatomy. Materials and methods: This interventional study was conducted among the 1st year MBBS students of Sree Balaji Medical College & Hospital (2019–2020 academic year). The ECE modules were taught using both traditional lectures and FCR methodology. Pre and post tests were conducted for both the methodology. A comparative analysis of FCR teaching method with lecture based session was done by obtaining the scores of the students. A Structured questionnaire to assess the learner’s perception about FCR teaching methodology was obtained from the participants. The Results were analyzed using microsoft excel and SPSS software version 23. Evaluation of teaching tool was done by using Kirkpatrick model Results: Repeated measures Anova was applied and there was a significant difference within the two methodology and the interaction effect was also significant with P value 0.001. Although both methods show increase in mean from pre to post test the mean increase in flipped class method is more than the lecture. Spearman’s correlation was done which showed there is a significant relationship between both the methods with p value 0.001 correlation co-efficient r was 0.377. Overall Response to FCR method received higher rating. Conclusion: FCR methodology creates the opportunity to meet the needs of students through various instructional activities. There is a positive reinforcement and improvement in the student’s performance.

A Cross Sectional Study on Nutritional Status and Risk Factors Associated With Malnutrition among Elderly Population in Hyderabad

Introduction: The elderly population is growing much faster. Ageing is a global phenomenon and it is expected that by 2050 every country in the world will have substantial increase in population aged 60 years and above. Malnutrition is common among older people over 60 years of age. They are likely to experience morbidity, premature mortality, poor quality of life and reduced functional ability than normally nourished persons. Malnutrition increases health care costs, reduces productivity, and slows economic growth, which can perpetuate a cycle of poverty and ill-health. Hence combating malnutrition in all its forms is one of the greatest global health challenges. Objectives: 1) To assess the nutritional status among elderly population in Hyderabad. 2) To assess the risk factors which are associated with malnutrition among elderly population. Method: A Cross sectional study was conducted in July - September 2021 among elderly persons aged 60 years and above residing in urban slums of Hyderabad. Considering the estimated prevalence of malnutrition among elderly population to be 14.5%, the sample size was calculated as 198 and was rounded off to 200. Data was entered into Microsoft Excel and analysed using Epi Info version 7.2.2.6. A predesigned, pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect data. Malnutrition was assessed using Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). Results: Among 200 participants, 52.5% were females. The mean age of the study population was 68.3 years. Among them 18% of the study participants were malnourished, 27% were at risk of malnutrition and 55% had normal nutritional status. Conclusion: Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of elderly people at high risk for malnutrition may improve their nutritional status and prognosis